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In logistics warehousing, factory workshops and other scenes, forklift traction lead-acid battery is the power core of stable operation of forklift. To achieve its long-term use is not bad, not only can reduce operating costs, but also ensure efficient production operation. The key elements and practical strategies for extending the service life of lead-acid batteries drawn by forklifts will be discussed from multiple dimensions.

1. Selection adaptation: Lay a long-term and durable foundation

(1) Select battery according to the working condition of forklift truck

The working environment and working intensity of different forklifts vary greatly. In the logistics transfer center with high frequency and heavy load operation, the forklift needs to carry heavy objects continuously for a long time, and the lead-acid battery with large capacity and high discharge rate should be selected. For example, the large-capacity and deep-cycle battery designed for heavy forklift can meet the requirements of frequent charging and discharging, and ensure the lasting stability of power. In small workshops with light load and intermittent operation, small, lightweight, flexible and cost-effective batteries can be selected, which can be easily operated with forklifts to avoid resource waste and excessive battery loss caused by "overuse of materials".

(2) Consider battery quality and brand

Quality batteries are a prerequisite for durability. Well-known brands often invest heavily in research and development and production processes. Taking some international first-line brands as an example, they use high-purity lead alloy to manufacture plates, reduce the self-discharge rate, and extend the static storage time of the battery; At the same time, the advanced curing process is used to enhance the adhesion of the active material of the plate and improve the life of the battery charge and discharge cycle. When purchasing, check the certification qualification of the battery, such as CE, UL certification, etc. These certifications are authoritative recognition of battery safety and quality stability, and escort the long-term use of the battery.

2.Standardized charging: the key to the health of the battery

(1) Follow the correct charging process

1. ** Control charging time ** : forklift traction lead-acid battery should not be excessive discharge, when the remaining power 20%-30% should be charged in time. Excessive discharge will vulcanize the plate and shorten the battery life. For example, in a logistics warehouse operation, due to the negligence of the staff, the forklift battery was excessively discharged, and the battery was seriously heated during subsequent charging, the capacity was significantly reduced, and the number of uses was greatly reduced. Therefore, it is essential to install a power monitoring device, grasp the battery power in real time, and remind to charge in time.

2. ** Control charging time ** : According to the battery capacity and charger specifications, reasonable control of charging time. Generally speaking, the conventional charging time is 8-10 hours, and the fast charging should not exceed 2-3 hours. Overcharging will cause the battery to lose water and heat, and accelerate the aging of the plate. The smart charger can automatically identify the full state of the battery, cut off the power in time, prevent overcharge phenomenon, and ensure the safety and life of the battery.

(2) Optimize the charging environment

1. ** Keep the appropriate temperature ** : Lead-acid batteries are sensitive to temperature, and the best charging temperature is about 25 ° C. The temperature is too high, the chemical reaction inside the battery is accelerated, the water loss is serious, and the plate corrosion is intensified. If the temperature is too low, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases, the internal resistance increases, and the charging efficiency decreases. In high temperature environment, the charging area can be cooled by installing air conditioners, ventilation fans and other devices; When the temperature is low, the heating device is used to increase the ambient temperature, or the charger with temperature compensation function is selected to automatically adjust the charging parameters, adapt to different temperature environments, and extend the battery life.

2. ** Ensure that the charging place is dry and ventilated ** : the humid environment is easy to cause corrosion of the battery shell and pole, resulting in leakage and short circuit risks. Poor ventilation will cause the accumulation of hydrogen and oxygen generated by charging, and there is a risk of explosion in the case of open fire. Therefore, the charging area should be set in a dry and well-ventilated location, the ground should be treated with moisture, the combustible gas alarm device should be installed, and the gas concentration should be monitored in real time to create a safe and stable environment for battery charging.

3. Daily maintenance: Help the battery to last longer

(1) Regularly check the appearance and connection parts

1. ** Appearance inspection ** : Before daily operation, carefully check the battery shell for cracks and bulges. Cracks will lead to electrolyte leakage, corrosion equipment, affect battery performance; The bulge indicates that there may be a risk of thermal runaway inside the battery, and you need to stop maintenance immediately. At the same time, check whether the battery identification is clear, production date, capacity and other parameters are related to battery life assessment and use management.

2. ** Fastening the connection part ** : Check the connection between the battery pole and the connection line regularly (at least once a week) to ensure that the connection is firm, without loosening and oxidation. Loosening will increase the contact resistance, resulting in heating, ignition, damage to the pole and the connection line; The oxide layer impedes current conduction and reduces charging efficiency. Found oxidation, can be cleaned with special detergent, apply protective grease, ensure stable connection, smooth current transmission.

(2) Monitoring electrolyte status

1. ** Liquid level check and supplement ** : During the use of lead-acid batteries, the water in the electrolyte will be reduced due to electrolysis and evaporation. Check the electrolyte level weekly and keep it 10-15mm above the plate. When the liquid level is too low, add distilled water or special electrolyte supplement liquid, and do not add tap water to avoid impurities affecting the battery performance. For example, due to long-term use of a forklift truck without timely replenishment of electrolyte, the plate is partially exposed, irreversible vulcanization occurs, the battery capacity is sharply reduced, and the service life is greatly shortened.

2. ** Density detection and adjustment ** : Electrolyte density reflects battery charging and discharging status and performance. The density of the electrolyte is measured monthly using a densitometer with a normal range of 1.28g/cm³ (25 ° C). If the density is too high or too low, it should be adjusted. If the density is too high, it can be diluted with distilled water. If it is too low, add an appropriate amount of high-concentration electrolyte to ensure that the electrolyte density is in the best range to maintain good battery performance.

4. Scientific use: Guarantee of extended battery life

(1) Avoid abnormal working conditions

1. ** Prevent overload operation ** : When the forklift is operating, the goods are carried in strict accordance with the rated load. Overload will cause instantaneous large current discharge of the battery, and the active material falling off the plate will be intensified, shortening the battery life. For example, due to long-term overload handling of forklifts in a logistics park, the capacity of the battery has decreased by more than 30% in less than half a year, and the battery has been frequently replaced, increasing a lot of costs. Overload alarm device is installed to limit forklift overload operation and protect battery safety.

2. ** Reduce rapid acceleration and sudden braking ** : rapid acceleration and sudden braking will cause excessive battery current impact and damage the plate. During the operation of the forklift truck, smooth acceleration, deceleration, and constant speed can reduce battery current fluctuations and extend battery life. Conduct normative driving training for forklift drivers, emphasize the importance of smooth operation on battery life, and reduce battery loss from the level of human operation.

(2) Reasonable planning of forklift use frequency

1. ** Balanced use of strength ** : Avoid long-term continuous high-intensity operation of forklift trucks, and do not leave them idle for a long time. Long time continuous operation will make the battery continuous high current discharge, temperature rise, accelerate aging; Long-term idleness leads to self-discharge of the battery and vulcanization of the plate. Reasonable arrangement of forklift operation time, intermittent use, so that the battery has enough time to recover performance. For example, the development of forklift scheduling plan, multiple forklifts take turns to ensure production efficiency, but also to extend battery life.

2. ** Regular deep discharge and activation ** : Every once in a while (such as 2-3 months), the battery is deeply discharged, the power is put to about 20%, and then fully charged. Deep discharge can activate the active substance of the plate, restore part of the battery capacity, improve the overall performance of the battery, and extend the service life. However, the deep discharge operation should be cautious, strictly control the discharge depth, to avoid excessive discharge caused irreversible damage to the battery.

To achieve the long-term use of lead-acid batteries for forklift trucks, it is necessary to make concerted efforts from various aspects such as selection adaptation, standardized charging, daily maintenance and scientific use. Through fine management and scientific operation, it can significantly extend battery life, reduce enterprise operating costs, provide solid power guarantee for efficient and stable operation of forklifts, and promote the sustainable development of the industry.