How many ways are there to classify electric forklifts? Let me show you something

Time：2025-03-08 11:53:45

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In modern logistics warehousing and industrial production scenarios, electric forklifts play a key role as efficient material handling equipment.

In modern logistics warehousing and industrial production scenarios, electric forklifts play a key role as efficient material handling equipment. Its types are rich and diverse, in order to meet the needs of different industries and different working conditions, there are a variety of classification methods, each category contains unique design considerations and application advantages.

Classified by power source

◆Lead-acid battery forklift: the most common type of electric forklift. The lead-acid battery technology is mature, the cost is relatively low, and has good large current discharge characteristics, which can provide strong power for forklifts, and meet the requirements of frequent start, acceleration, and heavy lifting in a short time. Its battery life is usually 4-8 hours, suitable for indoor warehouses, logistics centers and other working environment is relatively fixed, charging facilities are easy to equip places. For example, in large e-commerce warehouses, forklifts need to shuttle frequently between the shelves to transport goods, and lead-acid battery forklifts can respond quickly to handling instructions and efficiently complete the task of cargo handling with their stable power output. However, lead-acid batteries take a long time to charge, generally 6-8 hours to be full, and the battery life is relatively limited, frequent charge and discharge will affect its performance, and the battery may need to be replaced after a few years of use.

◆Lithium battery forklift: the emerging power source forklift in recent years. Lithium battery energy density is high, the same volume or weight, lithium battery can store more electricity, so that the range of forklift truck greatly improved, some high-performance lithium battery forklift battery life can reach more than 10 hours. The charging speed is also much faster than the lead-acid battery, and the fast charging mode can be full of about 80% electricity in 1-2 hours, which greatly improves the efficiency of the forklift truck. In addition, lithium batteries have a long cycle life and can be charged and discharged several times more than lead-acid batteries, reducing long-term use costs. In some logistics parks with high working time requirements and limited charging time for forklifts, lithium battery forklifts have obvious advantages. However, the initial acquisition cost of lithium battery forklifts is higher, which is 20%-30% more expensive than lead-acid battery forklifts, which limits its popularity to a certain extent.

Category by application scenario

◆Indoor storage forklift: This type of forklift is designed for indoor warehouses, supermarket distribution centers and other environments. Compact body, small turning radius, can be flexible shuttle between narrow shelf channels. For example, electric pallet truck, simple structure, mainly used for horizontal pallet goods, the load is generally 1-3 tons, simple operation, workers can easily control, in the supermarket warehouse goods warehousing, shelves and other links are widely used. There is also an electric stacker, which has the function of raising the height of the goods, and can stack the goods to a shelf 2-6 meters high, which is suitable for indoor storage scenarios with limited space but high storage demand, helping enterprises to make full use of the vertical space of the warehouse and improve the storage utilization rate.

◆Outdoor operation forklift: suitable for ports, docks, construction sites and other outdoor open and complex working conditions. This type of forklift usually has a higher level of protection, can resist dust, rain erosion, while more powerful, more powerful load capacity. For example, container forklift trucks are specially used for handling and loading and unloading containers, with loads of up to dozens of tons, equipped with large-size off-road tires, with good passability, and can operate on rough dock floors. There are off-road forklift trucks, the body is strong, suspension system is specially designed, can adapt to mud, rugged and other harsh terrain, in the construction site handling building materials, equipment plays an important role, to provide strong support for outdoor large-scale engineering construction.

Classified by forklift structure

◆Counterweight forklift: the most classic forklift structure type. The rear of the forklift truck is equipped with a large counterweight to balance the forward torque generated when the forklift is forklifted to ensure the stability of the forklift truck when it is fully loaded. This kind of forklift truck has a wide range of applications and can handle goods of various shapes and weights, and the load is generally 1-10 tons. Whether it is ordinary carton packing goods, or bulky mechanical equipment, counterweight forklifts can easily cope. Its door frame can be tilted back and forth, which is convenient for cargo loading and unloading and stacking operation, and can be seen everywhere in factory workshops, logistics warehouses and other scenes. However, due to the existence of the balance weight, the overall length of the vehicle is long, the turning radius is relatively large, and the flexibility is slightly inferior when working in a narrow space.

◆Forklift: A combination of counterweight forklift trucks and electric pallet trucks. Forklift front end with a retractable fork mechanism, the fork can be extended forward to take the goods, and then retracted to the middle position of the car body, so that the center of gravity of the goods fall within the range of wheel support, no need to be equipped with a large counterweight can also ensure the stability of the operation. The forklift truck body is compact, the turning radius is small, and it is suitable for the high-rise shelf warehouse with high space utilization requirements. It can complete cargo handling and stacking in a narrow channel, and the channel width is 1-2 meters narrower than that required by a counterweight forklift truck, effectively saving warehouse space and improving storage density, and is an ideal handling equipment for modern intelligent three-dimensional warehouses.

◆Side lift truck: the unique structural design makes it different from other forklifts. The fork is located on the side of the forklift, and the cargo is located on the side of the body when the vehicle is driving, rather than the traditional front. This design makes the forklift have significant advantages when handling long strip goods (such as wood, steel, etc.), and the length direction of the goods is consistent with the direction of the vehicle, reducing the difficulty of turning during the handling of the goods and reducing the risk of damage to the goods. The side lift truck is usually equipped with a higher door frame, which can stack the goods to a higher position, and is suitable for professional materials storage and handling places such as wood processing plants and steel markets, to meet the needs of specific industries for efficient handling of special shaped goods.

The various classification methods of electric forklifts provide accurate handling solutions for different industries and different working environments. Enterprises can choose the most suitable type of electric forklift according to their actual needs, from the comprehensive consideration of power source, application scenario, structure, etc., to improve material handling efficiency, reduce operating costs, and help enterprises develop efficiently.

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